Discovering the Organic Cuisines of Mayurbhanj: A Taste of Tribal Heritage

Nestled in the lush landscapes of northern Odisha, Mayurbhanj district is a biodiversity hotspot, home to the Similipal Biosphere Reserve and vibrant tribal communities like the Santals and Mundas. With over 60% of its population comprising Scheduled Tribes, Mayurbhanj’s cuisine is deeply intertwined with its forests, rivers, and fertile soils. Here, “organic” isn’t a trendy label—it’s a way of life. Traditional farming practices, bolstered by initiatives like the Odisha Millets Mission (OMM) launched in 2017, emphasize chemical-free cultivation of climate-resilient millets and wild foraging. This results in nutrient-dense dishes that sustain communities while preserving cultural identity. From ant-based chutneys to millet-wrapped meats, Mayurbhanj’s organic cuisines offer a flavorful journey into sustainable, indigenous gastronomy.

The Foundations: Organic Farming and Tribal Traditions

Mayurbhanj’s organic ethos stems from its tribal heritage and government-backed programs. Selected as one of Odisha’s key districts for organic farming under the state’s PKVY (Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana), the region spans 250 hectares dedicated to chemical-free agriculture. The OMM has revived millet cultivation—once abandoned for commercial rice—across tribal blocks like Jashipur and Karanjia, promoting techniques like inter-cropping and system of millet intensification for low-input, high-yield farming.

Millets, dubbed “Shree Anna” (grains of honor), dominate: finger millet (mandia/ragi), foxtail millet, barnyard millet, kodo millet, little millet, proso millet, pearl millet, and sorghum. These superfoods, grown organically without synthetic fertilizers, form the backbone of tribal diets. Wild foraging adds layers—leaves, tubers, berries, and insects from Similipal’s forests ensure year-round diversity. As tribal women like Chintamani Hembram from Khunta block note, these practices aren’t just about food; they’re about reclaiming agro-biodiversity and combating malnutrition in a changing climate.

This farm-to-fork philosophy yields dishes that are naturally organic: free from pesticides, additives, and processing. They reflect the Santal philosophy of harmony with nature, where every ingredient tells a story of resilience and ritual.

Signature Dishes: Flavors from the Forest and Fields

Mayurbhanj’s organic cuisines blend bold spices, foraged elements, and humble staples into unforgettable meals. Here’s a spotlight on must-try tribal specialties, many GI-tagged for their unique regional ties.

1. Similipal Kai Chutney (Red Weaver Ant Chutney)

This fiery condiment, awarded a Geographical Indication (GI) tag in January 2024, is a tribal staple from Similipal’s forests. Red weaver ants (kai)—abundant in the biosphere’s teak groves—are harvested sustainably during monsoons, embodying zero-waste foraging.

Ingredients (for 4 servings):

  • 1 cup red weaver ants (freshly collected)
  • 2-3 green chilies
  • 1-inch ginger piece
  • 3-4 garlic cloves
  • Salt to taste

Preparation:
Grind the ants with chilies, ginger, garlic, and salt into a coarse paste using a stone mortar. No cooking required—serve fresh with rice, roti, or grilled meats.

Culturally, it’s a protein-packed side for festivals, believed to boost immunity with its medicinal properties (high in antioxidants and amino acids). Nutritionally, ants provide iron and calcium, making it a superfood for anemia-prone tribal diets. Its organic purity? Straight from the wild, untouched by chemicals.

2. Zil Pitha: Santal Steamed Millet Pancake

A festive favorite among the Santals, zil pitha (or chicken pitha) is a smoky, melt-in-mouth delight wrapped in forest sal leaves. Finger millet, a OMM-promoted crop, stars here, highlighting Mayurbhanj’s shift back to native grains.

Ingredients (for 6-8 pithas):

  • For Chicken Kasha: 1 kg chicken (free-range, local), 150g mustard oil, 3 onions (chopped), 3 tsp garlic paste, ½ tsp ginger paste, 1 tsp turmeric, 8-10 dried red chilies (pasted), 3-5 green chilies, ½ tsp garam masala, 1 tsp salt.
  • For Dough: 600g finger millet flour, 400g rice flour, water, ½ tsp salt.
  • 20-25 fresh sal leaves.

Preparation:

  1. Heat oil; sauté onions till golden. Add pastes and spices; stir in chicken until gravy thickens (20-25 mins). Cool.
  2. Mix flours with water and salt into a pliable dough; fold in chicken kasha.
  3. Clean sal leaves; wrap dough parcels heart-shaped.
  4. Roast on a clay pan over low fire (chulha) for 60 mins, flipping sides. Unwrap and serve with raw mango chutney.

Born from centuries-old oral traditions, zil pitha graces weddings and Sohrai festivals, symbolizing community bonds. Its organic millet base offers gluten-free fiber and minerals, while sal leaves impart antimicrobial benefits.

3. Mudhi Mansa: Puffed Rice Mutton Medley

Baripada’s street-food icon uses additive-free puffed rice (mudhi)—a hygienic, indigenous process yielding airy grains from local paddy. Paired with mutton, it’s a hearty, everyday organic meal.

Ingredients (for 4):

  • 2 cups Baripada mudhi
  • 500g mutton (grass-fed)
  • 2 onions (chopped), 2 tomatoes, ginger-garlic paste, turmeric, chili powder, garam masala, mustard oil, salt.

Preparation:
Cook mutton curry with spices till tender. Heat leftover gravy with mudhi in a pressure cooker (low flame, 5 mins). Top with raw onions and chilies.

This dish bridges urban and rural Mayurbhanj, with mudhi’s natural puffing preserving nutrients like B-vitamins.

4. Mandia Jau: Finger Millet Porridge

A simple breakfast from tribal hearths, this ragi-rice blend is fortified with wild tomato curry. OMM’s “Millets on Wheels” sells ready mixes in Jashipur, making it accessible.

Quick Prep: Soak and grind finger millet; cook with rice and curdled milk. Serve with forest greens curry.

Rich in calcium, it combats osteoporosis in hill-dwelling communities.

Other gems include Junglee Aloo Sabzi (boiled wild tubers like Curcuma angustifolia for starchy comfort) and Kuler Sago Bhaja (stir-fried Bauhinia leaves for vitamin-packed sides). For non-veg lovers, Laato Jel (Santhali ant-egg curry) and Leto (bamboo-shoot chicken) add forest flair.

Essential Ingredients: Nature’s Organic Pantry

Mayurbhanj’s larder brims with foraged treasures:

  • Millets: Drought-tolerant, organically farmed for rotis, porridges, and pithas.
  • Wild Produce: Kendu fruits (carotene-rich), chara berries (confectionery seeds), mushrooms, and bamboo shoots.
  • Proteins: Local fish (rohu, katla) from Budhabalanga River, free-range poultry, and insects like ants.
  • Greens & Spices: Sal leaves for wrapping, turmeric rhizomes, and chilies—all chemical-free from backyard gardens.

Tribal women lead “nutrition gardens,” growing veggies to bridge nutrient gaps, as seen in Suliapada block.

Health Benefits and Sustainable Impact

These cuisines pack a punch: millets lower diabetes risk with low glycemic index; wild ants and tubers deliver rare micronutrients. A 2021 study on Odisha’s indigenous foods highlights how such diets enhance biodiversity and food security, reducing reliance on imports. Sustainability-wise, OMM’s tribal-led seed banks preserve 50+ millet varieties, while GI tags like Kai Chutney protect livelihoods—empowering 10,000+ farmers.

Savoring Mayurbhanj: Where to Indulge

Visit homestays in Similipal for authentic spreads, or Baripada’s eateries like Hotel Garama Garam for Mudhi Mansa. Join OMM food fairs or tribal festivals for live demos. For eco-tours, explore Varanashi Organic Farms near Baripada.

Mayurbhanj’s organic cuisines aren’t just meals—they’re a call to reconnect with earth’s bounty. Next time you’re in Odisha, let these flavors transport you to ancient forests. What’s your favorite tribal dish? Share in the comments!

This article draws from Odisha Tourism, OMM reports, and tribal voices to celebrate sustainable heritage.

The Ancient Paleolithic Roots of Mayurbhanj: Uncovering Prehistoric Settlements Along the Budhabalanga River

Nestled in the northeastern Indian state of Odisha, Mayurbhanj district is a treasure trove of natural beauty and historical significance. While it’s widely known for the Simlipal National Park and its vibrant tribal cultures, fewer people are aware of its deep prehistoric roots. Along the banks of the Budhabalanga River, archaeologists have unearthed evidence of Lower Paleolithic settlements dating back to the middle Pleistocene era—over 100,000 years ago. These discoveries offer a glimpse into the lives of early humans who roamed this lush landscape, crafting tools from local stones and adapting to a humid, forested environment. In this blog post, we’ll explore the key sites, the tools they left behind, and what these findings tell us about our ancient ancestors.

The Budhabalanga River: A Cradle of Prehistory

Budhabalanga River - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

The serene Budhabalanga River, winding through Mayurbhanj—site of ancient human activity.

The Budhabalanga River, often called the “Balanga” locally, originates in the Simlipal hills and flows through Mayurbhanj before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. Spanning about 198 kilometers, it has been a vital waterway for millennia, providing water, fertile soil, and resources for early inhabitants. During the Lower Paleolithic period, the river’s banks were ideal for human settlement due to the availability of raw materials like quartzite and chert for tool-making. Geo-archaeological studies suggest that these sites were formed under humid conditions, with artifacts deposited in riverine gravels and terraces.

Recent explorations highlight how the river’s ecosystem supported hunter-gatherer communities. The surrounding forests offered food sources like wild animals and plants, while the river facilitated movement and trade. Today, the Budhabalanga remains a scenic spot, but its prehistoric legacy is what draws archaeologists and history enthusiasts.

Key Archaeological Sites Along the River

Mayurbhanj boasts over 20 Paleolithic sites, with many clustered around the Budhabalanga River and its tributaries. Excavations began in the 1930s, revealing a “finest lot of Palaeolithic” artifacts in the region. Here are some standout locations:

Ghodapal: A Newly Discovered Gem

Understanding Context rather than Component”: An Assessment of Mayurbhanj Palaeoliths from a Geo-Archaeological Perspective - Krishnendu Polley, Kartick Chakraborty, Shubhrakanti Baul, 2023

journals.sagepub.com

An excavation site in Mayurbhanj, similar to those along the Budhabalanga.

Located on the banks of the Budhabalanga near the Simlipal Biosphere Reserve, Ghodapal is a Lower Paleolithic site uncovered in recent explorations. Artifacts here include handaxes and cleavers, indicative of Acheulean technology—a hallmark of Homo erectus or early Homo sapiens. The site’s proximity to the river suggests early humans used it for quarrying stones and as a campsite.

Kuliana: The Pioneering Excavation

Excavated in 1939-40 by the University of Calcutta, Kuliana is one of the most studied Paleolithic sites in Mayurbhanj. Situated near the river, it yielded tools from the Lower Paleolithic era, including choppers and scrapers. Nearby, sites like Kampta and Kuchai have also produced similar finds, pointing to a dense population during this time.

Other Notable Spots

Around Baripada, the district headquarters, several sites like Baidipur have revealed Neolithic celts alongside Paleolithic tools, showing a transition in human activity. In total, seven Lower Paleolithic sites in the area indicate a “heavy concentration of population,” with evidence spanning from the Acheulian phase. These locations, often on river terraces, highlight how the Budhabalanga shaped prehistoric migration patterns.

Tools and Artifacts: Windows into Ancient Life

Paleolithic Age in India: Early Humans, Tools, and Sites | Studento

studento.co.in

Examples of Paleolithic tools, including choppers, handaxes, and scrapers found in regions like Mayurbhanj.

The artifacts from Mayurbhanj’s Paleolithic sites are primarily Acheulean tools, crafted from local stones. Common finds include:

  • Handaxes and Cleavers: Bifacial tools used for cutting, chopping, and butchering animals. These symmetrical implements show advanced knapping techniques.
  • Choppers and Scrapers: Rough, single-sided tools for skinning hides and processing food.
  • Flakes and Cores: Byproducts of tool-making, often found in large quantities at sites like Ghodapal.

These tools, dating to the middle Pleistocene, were made under humid conditions, as evidenced by geo-archaeological analysis. They paint a picture of nomadic hunter-gatherers who relied on the river for survival, hunting large game and gathering plant resources in the dense forests.

Maharashtra: Ancient stone age tools found in India cave

bbc.com

Ancient stone tools unearthed in Indian excavations, akin to Mayurbhanj discoveries.

The Significance: Early Human Adaptation and Legacy

These settlements along the Budhabalanga reveal how early humans adapted to Odisha’s tropical climate. The region’s biodiversity, including the nearby Simlipal forests, provided ample resources, fostering innovation in tool-making. This era marks a crucial step in human evolution, bridging Africa-origin migrations to South Asia.

Today, these sites underscore the need for preservation amid modern development. Visiting them offers a chance to connect with our roots—imagine standing by the river where our ancestors once crafted their first tools!

Conclusion

Mayurbhanj’s Paleolithic heritage along the Budhabalanga River is a testament to humanity’s enduring spirit. From Ghodapal’s recent finds to Kuliana’s historic excavations, these sites invite us to explore the dawn of civilization in Odisha. If you’re planning a trip, combine it with a visit to Simlipal for a full prehistoric adventure. Stay tuned for more on Mayurbhanj’s wonders!

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Mayurbhanj’s Economy and Resources: Insights into Growth, Challenges, and Tata’s Legacy

Nestled in the northeastern corner of Odisha, India, Mayurbhanj district spans 10,418 square kilometers, making it one of the state’s largest districts. With a population of approximately 2.52 million as per the 2011 census—predominantly rural and comprising a significant tribal demographic (58.7% Scheduled Tribes)—the region is characterized by its diverse topography, from the lush Similipal Hills to fertile plains. This blog delves into Mayurbhanj’s economy, its abundant resources, and the intriguing historical ties with the Tata Group, drawing from official reports, industrial profiles, and historical accounts to provide a comprehensive view.

Geographical and Demographic Context

Mayurbhanj’s geography plays a pivotal role in its economic fabric. Bordered by West Bengal and Jharkhand to the north and east, and other Odisha districts to the south and west, the district features the Similipal National Park—a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve—covering over 25% of its area. The eastern lowlands, drained by rivers like the Subarnarekha and Budhabalanga, support intensive agriculture, while the western highlands, part of the Odisha Plateau, are rich in minerals and forests. The climate is hot and moist sub-humid, with annual rainfall averaging 1,648 mm, enabling diverse cropping but also posing risks from erratic monsoons.

Demographically, the district has a worker participation rate of 48.56%, with agriculture employing the majority. However, high poverty levels, low literacy (63.17% overall, lower among females), and underdevelopment highlight the need for targeted interventions. Tribal communities, including Santals and Ho, rely on forest resources and subsistence farming, adding cultural depth but also economic vulnerabilities.

Image

Barehipani Waterfall inside Simlipal Biosphere Reserve, highlighting the district’s natural beauty.

The Agrarian Backbone: Agriculture and Allied Sectors

Agriculture forms the cornerstone of Mayurbhanj’s economy, engaging over 70% of the workforce. The district has 437,000 hectares of cultivable land, with 3.90 lakh holdings—94.69% held by small and marginal farmers averaging 0.92 hectares each. Predominantly rain-fed (over 70%), farming faces challenges from acidic, low-fertility soils (red and laterite types) and low irrigation coverage (around 30%). Major crops include:

  • Paddy: Occupying 58.29% of the gross cropped area, with production often hampered by low seed replacement rates (10-12%) and fertilizer use (46.75 kg/ha vs. state average of 65.91 kg/ha).
  • Vegetables and Pulses: Covering 21.12% and 12.38% respectively, with potential for off-season cultivation.
  • Oilseeds and Horticulture: Including groundnut, niger, and fruits like mango (expanding under MGNREGS), cashew, litchi, and rubber (505 hectares planted).

Horticulture is a growth area, with 85,170 hectares under cultivation, supported by government nurseries and centers of excellence. Initiatives like lemongrass farming have empowered tribal farmers, providing sustainable income through essential oil production for global markets.

Allied sectors bolster agriculture. Animal husbandry includes 831,267 cattle, 141,857 buffaloes, and over 1 million goats, with milk production at 85.54 thousand metric tons (2019-20). Poultry and piggery offer additional livelihoods, though infrastructure gaps like non-functional milk cooling plants persist. Fisheries and forestry, including agroforestry with teak and bamboo, add to the mix, with credit potential estimated at Rs. 236,799 lakh for agriculture and allies in 2022-23.

Image

Farmers using eco-friendly pest management in paddy fields, Mayurbhanj.

SectorKey ActivitiesChallengesPotential Credit (Rs. Lakh, 2022-23)
Crop ProductionPaddy, vegetables, pulsesLow irrigation, acidic soils157,800
HorticultureMango, cashew, rubberMarketing gaps9,373
DairyMilk production (85.54 TMT)Low per capita consumption9,171
PoultryEgg productionLack of modern facilities3,546
Sheep/Goat/PiggeryRearing (over 1M goats)Vaccination awareness9,754

Failed to load imageView linkWomen farmers in Khunta block receiving seeds for agriculture.

Natural Resources: Minerals, Forests, and Water

Mayurbhanj is endowed with diverse resources that could propel economic diversification if harnessed sustainably.

  • Minerals: The district’s principal assets include iron ore (hematite) deposits at Gorumahisani, Badampahar, and Suleipat, with historical production of 745,000 tons in 2010-11. Other minerals encompass china clay (13,000 tons produced), quartzite (12,000 tons), kyanite, asbestos, steatite, galena, copper, nickel, vanadium, titanium, bauxite, and gemstones. Mining has been active for over a century, with two china clay mines, six iron ore mines, and others operational.
  • Forests: Covering 4,458 sq km (42.79% of area), including 3,326 sq km of reserved forests, they yield timber, bamboo, and minor produce like honey (district’s “One District One Product”). Similipal supports eco-tourism and biodiversity, home to tigers and elephants.
Image

Forest range in Similipal National Park, a key resource for biodiversity and tourism.

  • Water and Groundwater: Rivers and hill streams provide irrigation potential, with net groundwater availability at 148,194 hectare-meters. Renewable energy initiatives, like solar pumps, aim to enhance access.

These resources, while abundant, face strain from overexploitation and environmental concerns, as noted in studies on underdevelopment.

Image

Rare black tiger from Similipal, featured in National Geographic.

Industrial Landscape and Potential

Despite rich resources, Mayurbhanj is industrially backward, with only 11,104 units (mostly MSMEs) and four medium/large enterprises. Investment stands at Rs. 34,255 lakh, employing 44,435 people. Six industrial areas exist, but issues like land scarcity, skilled labor shortages, and marketing delays persist.

Key clusters include fly ash bricks, cane/bamboo carving, and sabai grass products—dubbed the “money plant” for tribals, with ropes and crafts having export demand. Handicrafts like Dhokra casting and stone wares add value. Potential industries encompass:

  • Agro-based: Poly leaf plates, paper cups, sisal rope, sal seed oil, honey processing.
  • Mineral-based: Leveraging iron ore and china clay for processing units.
  • Services: Agro-servicing, auto repair, diagnostic centers.

Credit potential for MSMEs is Rs. 95,713 lakh (2022-23), supported by policies offering subsidies up to Rs. 3 crore. Export items like cables and granite highlight global opportunities.

Image

Women artisans crafting sabai grass products, empowering rural economies.

Industrial CategoryNumber of UnitsInvestment (Rs. Lakh)Employment
Micro/Small11,10434,25544,435
Medium/Large4N/AN/A
Clusters (e.g., Fly Ash Bricks)MultipleVariesPotential for CDP interventions

Tata’s Enduring Legacy in Mayurbhanj

The Tata Group’s connection to Mayurbhanj is foundational to India’s steel industry. In 1904, geologist Pramatha Nath Bose wrote to Jamsetji Tata about rich iron ore deposits in Mayurbhanj’s Gorumahisani hills, backed by nearby limestone and coal. The Maharaja granted the first lease, enabling Tata Steel’s inception. Gorumahisani, Asia’s first iron ore mine, supplied ore to Jamshedpur for decades, earning the moniker “mother mine.”

Historically, this discovery resolved raw material challenges, leading to Tata Steel’s establishment in 1907. However, current status shows Tata has ceased operations here; the mine is now managed by entities like SKM Group, with the township facing neglect despite a century of mining. Tata’s focus has shifted to other Odisha sites, like Kalinganagar (expanded to 8 MTPA in 2025) and mines in Keonjhar, with total state investments surpassing Rs. 1 lakh crore. This evolution underscores Mayurbhanj’s role in Tata’s heritage while highlighting opportunities for renewed partnerships in sustainable mining.

Image

View of Gorumahisani iron ore mine, the first in India.

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Historical context of Tata Steel’s investments linked to Mayurbhanj mines.

Challenges, Opportunities, and the Path Forward

Mayurbhanj grapples with underdevelopment: low credit-deposit ratio (35.92%), dormant self-help groups, and environmental strains from mining. Climate change exacerbates rain-fed farming vulnerabilities, and industrial growth is stymied by power issues and skill gaps.

Yet, opportunities abound. Government schemes like NABARD’s PLP (total credit potential Rs. 419,893 lakh for 2022-23) target diversification into high-value agriculture, renewable energy (e.g., solar pumps), and MSMEs. Eco-tourism in Similipal, value chains for honey and sabai grass, and mineral processing could create jobs. Balancing growth with conservation—protecting Similipal’s biodiversity—is key.

In conclusion, Mayurbhanj’s economy, rooted in agriculture and resources, holds untapped potential. Tata’s legacy reminds us of its historical significance, urging modern investments for inclusive development.

Key Citations

Discovering the Mystical Kichakeswari Temple: A Gem of Odisha’s Ancient Heritage

Hello, fellow travelers and history enthusiasts! Welcome to my blog where I dive deep into the hidden treasures of India. Today, we’re exploring the Kichakeswari Temple in Khiching, Mayurbhanj district, Odisha. This isn’t just any temple—it’s a stunning example of ancient Kalinga architecture, a site steeped in royal history, and a place that blends spirituality with archaeological wonders. As someone who’s always fascinated by how history shapes our present, I thought harder about what makes this temple truly special: its resilience through centuries, the cultural fusion it represents, and the ongoing efforts to preserve it in modern times. Let’s journey through its story, complete with captivating pictures to bring it all to life.

A Glimpse into the Past: The History of Kichakeswari Temple

Nestled in the quaint village of Khiching, once the capital of the mighty Bhanja dynasty, the Kichakeswari Temple stands as a testament to Odisha’s rich royal legacy. Dedicated to Goddess Kichakeswari (a fierce form of Chamunda or Kali), the temple’s origins trace back to the 7th or 8th century AD, with some accounts pinpointing its construction around 920-925 CE. It served as the family deity (ishtadevata) and state deity of the Bhanja rulers, who governed Mayurbhanj from the 9th to 12th centuries. These kings were not just warriors but patrons of art, fostering a harmonious blend of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism in the region.

The temple faced significant challenges over time, including damage from vandalism and structural weaknesses. In the early 20th century, Maharaja Purna Chandra Bhanjdeo initiated restoration, even establishing a museum in 1922 to house excavated artifacts. After his passing, his successor, Maharaja Pratap Chandra Bhanjdeo, oversaw a full reconstruction in 1934, costing around ₹85,000. This rebuild preserved the original sculptures while adhering to the traditional Kalinga style, though it notably lacks a porch—earning it the unique “Khiching style” designation.

What strikes me most is how this temple embodies resilience. Despite invasions and natural wear, it has been reborn, symbolizing the enduring spirit of Odisha’s cultural heritage. Legends even link its name to Kichaka from the Mahabharata, adding a layer of mythological intrigue, though this remains more folklore than verified history.

Kichakeswari Temple Exterior
A majestic view of the temple’s black chlorite facade, captured in a recent photo from August 2025. It’s often called the “Black Pagoda” due to its granite construction, predating the Konark Sun Temple by 300 years.

Architectural Marvels and the Enigmatic Deity

The temple’s architecture is a feast for the eyes, built entirely from black chlorite (also known as Muguni Pathara or black granite), standing tall at 100 feet and spanning 1,764 square feet. It’s a classic rekha vimana style with a curvilinear spire, elevated on a 1.2-meter platform, and faces east. The exterior walls are adorned with intricate carvings: nayakas (heroes), naga-nagin (serpent figures), Ganesha, Kirtimukha motifs, and other divine icons. Inside the complex, you’ll find unique pillars sculpted with nagin figures and a preserved brick structure called Itamundhi.

At the heart of the shrine is the deity herself—a ten-armed, skeletal image of Chamunda-Kali, seated on a lotus emerging from Purusa’s navel. Her form is both awe-inspiring and fearsome, with visible veins, ribs, a sunken belly, and a garland of skulls. Though parts of the idol were damaged and reassembled, she holds symbols like a dambaru (drum), cup, rosaries, and a severed head, with gestures of protection (Abhaya) and boon-giving (Varada). This depiction isn’t just artistic; it reflects the tantric influences in Odisha’s Shaivite and Shakta traditions.

Thinking deeper, the architecture here isn’t merely decorative—it’s a narrative in stone, telling stories of devotion, power, and the cosmos. The absence of a porch forces a direct, intimate encounter with the divine, stripping away distractions and amplifying the spiritual intensity.

Deity and Sculptures
An up-close look at the temple’s intricate details, shared in a July 2025 post. The black stone carvings highlight the skilled craftsmanship of the Bhanja era.

Cultural and Archaeological Significance

Khiching isn’t just about the temple; it’s a cultural crossroads. The adjacent Khiching Museum, Odisha’s second-oldest (established 1922), houses artifacts from 1908 excavations by the Archaeological Survey of India. Expect to see idols of Durga, Ganesha, Parsvanatha (Jain), Tara (Buddhist), Parvati, Ardhanarishvara, and more. These reflect the Bhanja rulers’ tolerance, where multiple faiths thrived side by side. The museum also displays copper tools, terracotta figurines, coins, and stone implements, painting a vivid picture of ancient life.

Festivals like Basantika Durgapuja and a seven-day Mahashivaratri celebration draw devotees, blending ritual with community. For me, this site underscores how religion and culture intertwine to foster unity— a lesson especially relevant in our divided world today.

Museum Artifacts
A glimpse of the temple complex, including potential museum views, from a May 2025 update announcing development plans.

Recent Developments: Breathing New Life into Heritage

As of 2025, the temple is getting a modern boost. In March, Chief Minister Mohan Charan Majhi allocated ₹50 crore for the development of Khiching and the Kichakeswari Temple. By May, a detailed master plan worth ₹52.93 crore was prepared, focusing on infrastructure, tourism enhancements, and preservation. These initiatives aim to make the site more accessible while safeguarding its historical integrity. It’s exciting to see how ancient wonders are being integrated into contemporary tourism, potentially including better roads, visitor facilities, and eco-friendly additions.

Recent Visitor Snapshots
Photos from an April 2025 visit, showcasing the temple alongside nearby sites like the Jagannath Temple in Badraruan, highlighting its role in regional exploration.

Planning Your Visit: Tips for the Adventurer

Khiching is about 150 km from Baripada (Mayurbhanj’s headquarters) and 205 km from Balasore. Reach it by road from Keonjhar (45 km) or Karanjia (25 km), with buses available. The nearest railway stations are Keonjhar or Balasore, and Bhubaneswar’s airport is 245 km away. Best time? October to June for milder weather.

Temple timings: 5 AM to 10 PM (with a break from noon to 3 PM—confirm locally). Stay at local Panthanivas or guesthouses; dining options are limited, so pack snacks. Don’t miss the garden, a luck-testing iron pole, or nearby boating pond. Proximity to Simlipal National Park (40 km) makes it a perfect combo trip.

Pro tip: Visit the museum after 10 AM and respect the site’s sanctity—no photos inside the sanctum.

Scenic Surroundings
A March 2025 image capturing the temple’s serene environment amid lush greenery, perfect for spiritual seekers.

Final Thoughts: Why Kichakeswari Calls to the Soul

Reflecting deeper, the Kichakeswari Temple isn’t just a historical site—it’s a mirror to our shared human quest for meaning. In its black stone walls, I see echoes of forgotten empires, resilient faiths, and the timeless power of devotion. Whether you’re a history buff, a spiritual wanderer, or just seeking offbeat adventures, Khiching offers a profound escape. As Odisha invests in its future, this temple reminds us that preserving the past enriches the present.

Have you visited? Share your stories in the comments! If you’d like me to generate custom images or illustrations for this blog (like artistic renders of the deity or temple maps), just confirm, and I’ll get on it.

Until next time, keep exploring! 🌟

All images sourced from public domains and credited where possible. For more details, check official tourism sites like odishatourism.gov.in.

Baripada’s Cultural Renaissance: Mayurbhanj’s Festivals and Arts Shine in 2025

Welcome, culture lovers, to another journey through India’s vibrant heartlands! Baripada, the beating pulse of Odisha’s Mayurbhanj district, is stealing the spotlight in 2025 with a cultural renaissance that’s impossible to ignore. From the electrifying Chaitra Parba festival to the empowering Rath Yatra, and bold new initiatives like the upcoming Chhau Dance Academy, Baripada is weaving its tribal roots, royal legacy, and modern ambitions into a dazzling tapestry. As a city that gave India its first tribal President, Droupadi Murmu, Baripada’s pride is soaring. Let’s dive into this cultural explosion, brought to life with stunning visuals and stories from the ground.

Chhau Dancers Performing in Baripada

A City Steeped in Heritage

Baripada, cradled by the Budhabalanga River, has been Mayurbhanj’s cultural and administrative hub since the late 18th century, when Maharani Sumitra Devi shifted the capital from Haripur. The Bhanja dynasty’s patronage fostered arts like the UNESCO-recognized Mayurbhanj Chhau dance and built landmarks like the 1575 AD Jagannath Temple, earning Baripada the title “Dwitiya Srikhetra” (second Puri). The dynasty’s progressive vision also introduced the Mayurbhanj State Railway in 1905, connecting Baripada to broader India and fueling its cultural exchange.

In 2025, Baripada is doubling down on this legacy. A new 10-acre urban forest at Palabani, planted with 12,000 trees, and an expanded 1 MW solar plant are powering eco-friendly cultural venues. These green initiatives ensure festivals shine sustainably, blending Baripada’s ancient soul with a forward-looking ethos.

Baripada’s Heritage Streetscape

2025 Festivals: Where Tradition Meets Triumph

Baripada’s 2025 festival calendar is a whirlwind of color, rhythm, and community spirit. Here’s the lowdown on the year’s biggest celebrations.

Chaitra Parba: Chhau’s Grand Stage

In mid-April, Chaitra Parba transformed Baripada’s Chhau Padia into a moonlit arena for Mayurbhanj Chhau, a maskless dance form that fuses martial arts, tribal beats, and epic tales from the Ramayana and Mahabharata. Unlike the masked Chhau of Seraikella and Purulia, Baripada’s version relies on performers’ expressive faces and acrobatic prowess. Local troupes like Uttarsahi and Dakshinsahi, led by gurus like Srihari Nayak, delivered jaw-dropping performances, with dancers leaping and twirling to the pulse of dhamsa drums and mohuri flutes. Women dancers, breaking traditional norms, added a fresh vibrancy, reflecting Baripada’s inclusive spirit. Social media buzzed with videos of these nighttime spectacles, showcasing the dance’s global appeal.

Chhau Performance Under the Stars

Rath Yatra: Women Lead the Way

Baripada’s Rath Yatra in late June 2025 was a spiritual juggernaut, second only to Puri’s in Odisha. At the historic Jagannath Temple, thousands pulled the towering chariots of Lord Jagannath, Balabhadra, and Subhadra through festive streets. A standout tradition? Only women pull Maa Subhadra’s chariot, a practice started in 1975 to honor International Women’s Year. In 2025, this empowerment angle drew record crowds, with drone footage capturing the sea of devotees led by figures like Maharaja Praveen Chandra Bhanj Deo. Eco-friendly measures, like biodegradable decorations, made this year’s event a model of sustainable celebration, earning praise across Odisha.

Women Pulling Subhadra’s Chariot

Nuakhai and Beyond: Harvest and Unity

August’s Nuakhai festival, a Santal and Bhumij harvest celebration, brought Baripada’s communities together with feasts of Mudhi Mansa (puffed rice with mutton curry) and Chhena Poda. The festival’s national spotlight came when President Droupadi Murmu, a Mayurbhanj native, hosted a Nuakhai event at Rashtrapati Bhavan, featuring Baripada’s Chhau alongside Odissi and Sambalpuri dances. This showcased the city’s cultural clout, with social media posts hailing it as a proud moment for Odisha’s tribal heritage.

The Mayurbhanj Utsav in February at Bhubaneswar’s Utkal Mandap, inaugurated by CM Mohan Charan Majhi, was another highlight. It announced a game-changer: a new Chhau Dance Academy and Cultural Research Centre in Baripada, set to train young artists and preserve tribal folklore. Smaller events like the Jagadhatri Mela and Euphoria-2025, an inter-college cultural fest, kept the city’s energy high.

Nuakhai Feast in Baripada

Arts and Handicrafts: Crafting a Future

Baripada’s markets are a treasure trove of tribal artistry. Sabaria silk sarees, Tussar weaves, and Chandua applique work dazzle at weekly haats, while Dhokra metalwork and Sal leaf crafts reflect Mayurbhanj’s tribal ingenuity. The Baripada Museum, housing rare Santal and Ho artifacts, draws scholars and tourists alike. In 2025, the Bhanjabhumi Art Gallery hosted workshops where young artists fused Pattachitra paintings with modern themes, keeping traditions alive. The BHARATI initiative, leveraging AI for export marketing, has empowered artisans, reducing migration by creating local jobs.

Heritage trails, like those organized by local collectives, guide visitors through Baripada’s craft villages, where weavers and storytellers share tales of their trade. These efforts ensure Baripada’s arts thrive in a globalized world.

Sabaria Silk Craftsmanship

Modern Drivers: Education, Sports, and Sustainability

The renaissance isn’t just festive—it’s structural. The Pandit Raghunath Murmu Medical College, a nod to the Santal script creator, is training a new generation, while Baripada Stadium nurtures athletes like Purnima Hembram, blending sports with cultural pride. The proposed Chhau Academy promises to formalize training, countering urbanization’s threat to gurukuls. Meanwhile, eco-initiatives like the urban forest and solar plant ensure festivals remain green, addressing climate challenges like erratic monsoons that sometimes disrupt events.

Baripada Museum Artifacts

Plan Your Baripada Adventure

Ready to experience this cultural wave? Visit during Chaitra Parba (April) or Rath Yatra (June-July) for maximum vibrancy. Stay at the Belgadia Palace for a royal immersion or eco-friendly guesthouses like Ava Guest House. Explore temples like Maa Ambika and Kichakeswari, stroll through heritage trails, and shop for crafts at haats. Book festival passes via Odisha Tourism’s website, and follow local X accounts like @TheGreatAshB for live updates. Respect local customs—dress modestly at temples and ditch plastic to support sustainability.

Baripada’s Festive Streets

Final Thoughts: Baripada’s Timeless Glow

Baripada’s 2025 cultural renaissance is a celebration of resilience, from Chhau’s global stage to Rath Yatra’s empowering traditions. As the city balances heritage with innovation, it invites you to join its story. Have you danced to Chhau’s rhythms or tasted Nuakhai’s flavors? Share your Baripada moments in the comments, and subscribe for more Odisha adventures!

Images sourced from public X posts for illustrative purposes.

Mayurbhanj Chhau: Odisha’s Maskless Martial Dance Legacy

Hello, culture enthusiasts! After exploring the wild wonders of Similipal in my last post, let’s dive into another gem from Mayurbhanj district in Odisha: the captivating Mayurbhanj Chhau dance. This semi-classical folk art form blends martial prowess, tribal rhythms, and storytelling magic, and it’s a UNESCO-recognized treasure. Whether you’re a dance aficionado or just love vibrant traditions, Mayurbhanj Chhau will leave you spellbound. Join me as we uncover its history, moves, and modern vibes, with some stunning visuals to boot!

Mayurbhanj Chhau Performance at Rashtrapati Bhavan

Origins and Historical Roots

Chhau dance traces its beginnings to ancient martial practices in eastern India, evolving from “chhauni” (military camp) or “chhaya” (shadow/mask). The Mayurbhanj style, specifically from Odisha’s Mayurbhanj region, dates back to the 19th century under the patronage of the Bhanja dynasty rulers like Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanj Deo. Unlike its masked counterparts in Seraikella (Jharkhand) and Purulia (West Bengal), Mayurbhanj Chhau is unique for being maskless—performers rely on intricate facial expressions, body language, and athletic feats to bring stories to life.

Historically, it drew from indigenous tribal dances, Paika martial arts (Odisha’s warrior traditions), and classical elements like Odissi. It was performed in royal courts, temples, and during festivals to entertain and educate. The dance gained prominence in the early 20th century when the Mayurbhanj kings promoted it nationally, even establishing training centers. Today, it’s a symbol of the district’s rich tribal heritage, with influences from Santal, Ho, and other communities.

Traditional Mayurbhanj Chhau Dancers

Key Features: Grace Meets Power

What sets Mayurbhanj Chhau apart? It’s all about the fusion! The dance incorporates vigorous martial movements like jumps, spins, and swordplay with graceful folk steps and abstract themes. Performers, often men (though women are increasingly involved), don colorful costumes—dhotis, turbans, and jewelry—without masks, allowing for expressive storytelling through eyes and gestures.

The repertoire includes:

  • Mythological Tales: Episodes from the Ramayana (e.g., Rama’s battle with Ravana) and Mahabharata (e.g., Arjuna’s valor).
  • Folklore and Nature: Stories of local heroes, animals, or seasonal cycles.
  • Abstract Concepts: Themes like love, war, or devotion, performed to rhythmic drumbeats (dhamsa, dhol) and wind instruments (mohuri, shehnai).

A typical performance lasts 10–30 minutes, held at night in open spaces during festivals. The energy is electric—think acrobatic flips mixed with poetic poise. It’s not just dance; it’s a full-body narrative!

Cultural Significance and Festivals

In Mayurbhanj, Chhau is more than art—it’s a community bond. It’s deeply tied to tribal life, performed during Chaitra Parba (April), a spring festival in Baripada where dancers parade through streets, invoking blessings. Other events include Nuakhai (harvest festival) and Rath Yatra. The dance preserves folklore, teaches moral lessons, and fosters unity among diverse groups.

Gurus like Srihari Nayak (a Sangeet Natak Akademi awardee) have kept the tradition alive through gurukuls. Recent highlights include performances at Rashtrapati Bhavan in August 2025, where President Droupadi Murmu (from Mayurbhanj herself) witnessed Odissi, Sambalpuri, and Chhau during Nuakhai celebrations. It’s also making waves globally, with workshops in places like Nepal and even inspiring Bollywood sequences.

UNESCO Recognition: A Global Heritage

In 2010, Chhau dance (including all three styles) was inscribed on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. This nod highlights its role in promoting cultural diversity and human creativity. For Mayurbhanj Chhau, it means better preservation efforts, funding for troupes, and international exposure. Organizations like the Eastern Zonal Cultural Centre organize festivals like Swar Tal Mahotsav to showcase it alongside other arts.

However, challenges persist: modernization threatens traditional training, and climate impacts festivals. Yet, young artists are innovating, blending Chhau with contemporary themes to keep it relevant.

Workshop and Performance Glimpses

How to Experience Mayurbhanj Chhau Today

Planning a trip? Head to Baripada during Chaitra Parba for the real deal—street parades and all-night shows. Visit the Belgadia Palace (former royal residence) for cultural stays and Chhau demos. Training centers like Nichuapada Uttarsahi Chhau Nrutya Pratisthan offer workshops.

For virtual vibes, check online performances or documentaries. And if you’re in Odisha, catch it at events in Bhubaneswar or international festivals. Pro tip: Respect the performers—it’s a sacred art!

Chhau in Modern Context

Final Thoughts: Dance That Echoes Eternity

Mayurbhanj Chhau isn’t just steps; it’s the soul of Odisha’s tribal heartland, where history, heroism, and harmony collide. As it evolves while staying rooted, this dance reminds us of culture’s power to unite. If you’ve seen a Chhau performance or want tips on visiting Mayurbhanj, drop a comment below!

Stay tuned for more Odisha adventures. Subscribe for updates!

All images sourced from public X posts and used for illustrative purposes.

Similipal National Park: Odisha’s Newly Declared Gem in Mayurbhanj

Welcome to my blog, where I dive into the hidden treasures of India! Today, we’re exploring Similipal National Park, nestled in the heart of Mayurbhanj district, Odisha. This biodiversity hotspot has always been a haven for nature enthusiasts, but in 2025, it hit a major milestone by being officially declared India’s 107th national park and Odisha’s largest. If you’re into lush forests, cascading waterfalls, rare wildlife, and a touch of adventure, Similipal is calling your name. Let’s journey through its wonders, complete with stunning visuals to bring it to life.

Barehipani Waterfall in Similipal

A Brief History and the Big 2025 Update

Similipal’s story dates back centuries when it served as a royal hunting ground for the rulers of Mayurbhanj. Fast-forward to the 20th century: it was designated a tiger reserve in 1973 under Project Tiger, and later a biosphere reserve in 1994, earning UNESCO recognition in 2009. But human settlements inside the park delayed its full national park status—until April 2025, when the Odisha government finally notified 845.70 square kilometers as a national park under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. This makes it Odisha’s second national park after Bhitarkanika, and it’s now “rights-free,” meaning stricter conservation rules with no human activities in the core zone.

However, this move hasn’t been without controversy. Some wildlife experts call it a “conservation milestone,” while others worry it’s too little too late, given past damages like the massive 2021 fires that scorched the reserve and displaced animals. As of September 2025, the park is closed to visitors from July 1 due to monsoon rains, but nature camps remain open for those eager to experience it off-season.

Geography: A Landscape of Peaks and Cascades

Spanning 2,750 square kilometers, Similipal is a feast for the eyes with its rolling hills, deep valleys, and dramatic elevations averaging 900 meters. The highest peaks, Khairiburu (1,178 m) and Meghasani (1,158 m), offer breathtaking vistas. Rivers like the Budhabalanga and Kharkai carve through the terrain, feeding stunning waterfalls—Barehipani (217 m, India’s second tallest) and Joranda (181 m) are must-sees. The park’s divided into northern and southern zones: the north for tourism with spots like Sitakund and Lulung, and the south for rugged highlands.

Sitakund Waterfall in Similipal

The scenery shifts from dense sal forests to grasslands, making it perfect for hikes and safaris. And if geology tickles your fancy, check out the anticline folds at Chaulabhaja Waterfall—a natural rock formation that’s a photographer’s dream.

Anticline Fold at Chaulabhaja Waterfall

Flora and Fauna: A Biodiversity Hotspot

Similipal is home to over 1,076 plant species, including 96 orchids, and a mix of moist deciduous, dry deciduous, and semi-evergreen forests. You’ll spot sal trees, eucalyptus (planted by the British), and medicinal plants galore.

On the wildlife front, it’s a tiger lover’s paradise with Bengal tigers, Asian elephants, leopards, gaurs, and rare melanistic tigers. Birdwatchers can tick off 242 species like hill mynahs and peafowls, while reptiles include mugger crocodiles thriving thanks to a dedicated conservation program. Remember Khairi, the legendary tigress rescued in 1974? She symbolized human-wildlife harmony, living peacefully with her caretaker while staying wild at heart.

Scenic View of Similipal National Park

Conservation Efforts: Battling Poaching with Tech

Conservation here is no walk in the park—literally. With tribal villages inside, relocation efforts continue, like the 2015 move of Jamunagarh village. Recent wins include AI-powered cameras nabbing poachers. In early September 2025, four hunters were arrested in the core area with guns seized, thanks to AI trails and intelligence. Another bust in July 2025 caught seven wildlife traffickers with tiger skins and elephant tusks.

IFS officer Samrat Gowda has been a game-changer in anti-poaching, turning Similipal into a safer haven for tigers. And let’s not forget unsung heroes like headmaster Bhupal Chandra Mahato, who risks tiger encounters to teach tribal kids for a meager salary—true dedication!

Conservation Hero: IFS Officer Samrat Gowda

Tourism: Plan Your Visit

The best time to visit is October to March for wildlife sightings—avoid monsoon closures. Enter via Jashipur (north) or Pithabata (south). Stay at eco-camps like Jamuani or Kumari for an immersive experience. Safaris, trekking, and birdwatching are highlights, but watch for malaria risks.

Pro tip: Book through the official site (similipal.org) and respect the rules—no plastic, stay on paths.

Khairi the Tigress Memorial

Wrapping Up: Why Similipal Matters

Similipal isn’t just a park; it’s a living testament to India’s wild heritage in Mayurbhanj. With its new national park status, expect more funding and protection, but challenges like poaching and climate impacts remain. If you’re planning a trip, go with an eco-mindset—leave only footprints.

Have you visited Similipal? Share your stories in the comments! For more on Odisha’s wonders, subscribe to my blog.

All images sourced from public X posts and used for illustrative purposes.

The Remarkable Story of Khairi: The Tigress Who Became Family

In the dense forests of Odisha’s Similipal Tiger Reserve, a story unfolded that blurred the lines between wild instinct and human affection. This is the tale of Khairi, a Royal Bengal tigress who was raised not in the jungle’s unforgiving embrace, but as a beloved member of a human household. Her life, marked by extraordinary bonds, scientific insights, and a tragic end, continues to inspire wildlife enthusiasts and conservationists worldwide. Let’s dive into this heartwarming yet poignant narrative.

The Discovery: A Cub in Need

On October 5, 1974, members of the Kharia tribal community were gathering honey in the core area of Similipal Tiger Reserve in Mayurbhanj district, Odisha. Near the banks of the Khairi River, they stumbled upon a frail, seven-week-old female tiger cub, abandoned and vulnerable. With no sign of her mother, the tribals knew the cub wouldn’t survive alone. They brought her to Saroj Raj Choudhury, the founding Field Director of the reserve and a pioneering Indian Forest Service (IFS) officer.

Choudhury, born on August 13, 1924, near Cuttack, had dedicated his life to wildlife conservation. He named the cub Khairi after the river where she was found and, along with his cousin Nihar Nalini Swain (often referred to in accounts as his close family member or foster partner), decided to raise her at their official bungalow in Jashipur.

Saroj Raj Choudhury with young Khairi, showcasing the early bond that would define their relationship.

Life at Home: A Tigress Among Pets

Khairi wasn’t just a rescued animal; she became a “free-living family member.” Hand-fed mutton and milk powder, she refused food from anyone but her foster parents. She slept on their beds, often resting her paws on Choudhury’s chest, and played gently with them. Remarkably, Khairi coexisted with other rescued animals in the household, including a blind hyena named Bhaina, a sloth bear called Jambu, a mongoose, a crocodile named Kumbha, and even the family dog, Blackie.

Her playful nature and deep emotional connection with humans drew national attention. Visitors, including tourists and even Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, inquired about her well-being. Khairi roamed freely in the compound, displaying jealousy toward Blackie at times but forming a close friendship overall.

Nihar Nalini Swain sharing a tender moment with Khairi, highlighting the tigress’s gentle demeanor.

Scientific Contributions: Learning from Khairi

Saroj Choudhury wasn’t just a foster parent; he was a scientist at heart. He meticulously documented Khairi’s behavior, contributing to groundbreaking research on tigers. He pioneered the pugmark tracking technique (using a “Tiger Tracer”) for censuses, which helped in the first All-India Tiger Census in 1972 and laid the foundation for Project Tiger in 1973.

Observations of Khairi revealed insights into pheromones, mating behaviors, territoriality, and more. His book, Khairi: The Beloved Tigress (1977), immortalized these findings. Despite attempts to reintroduce her to the wild for mating, Khairi was rejected by other tigers—likely due to her human scent—and always returned home.

Saroj Raj Choudhury feeding Khairi, a routine that fostered trust and allowed for detailed behavioral studies.

The Tragic End: A Heartbreaking Loss

Khairi’s story took a sorrowful turn in 1981. While protecting the compound, she was bitten by a rabid stray dog that had wandered in. She contracted rabies, and despite efforts, had to be euthanized after a two-month battle. Choudhury, away in Delhi for a conference, couldn’t administer an anti-rabies vaccine in time. The loss devastated him; he reportedly never recovered, passing away from a heart attack on May 4, 1982, at age 58. He was posthumously awarded the Padma Shri in 1983.

Nihar Nalini Swain moved to an old-age home and passed away in 2021 at 88. Khairi was buried in the Jashipur bungalow compound, her legacy enduring.

A festive memorial setup at Khairi Niwas, celebrating her life and the wildlife week.

Legacy: Inspiration for Conservation

Khairi’s story symbolizes the potential for harmony between humans and wildlife, while highlighting challenges like human-animal conflict and disease transmission. The Khairi Forest Complex in Jashipur now serves as a museum, educating visitors about her life and the importance of conservation.

Documentaries like Princess Khairi (1979) by the Odisha Government preserve her memory. Choudhury’s work mentored officers like Fateh Singh Rathore and influenced tiger conservation across India.

A captivating still from the documentary ‘Princess Khairi,’ capturing her essence.

In an era of dwindling tiger populations, Khairi’s tale reminds us of the deep emotional connections possible with nature and the urgent need to protect it. Her roar echoes in Similipal’s jungles, a testament to love transcending species.

If you’d like to visit Similipal or learn more, check out the reserve’s official resources. What do you think—could such a bond happen today? Share your thoughts!

Legacy Of The Amarda (Rasogovindpur) Road Airstrip

Recent News

The Ministry of Defence on Tuesday granted working permission to the state government for development of the airstrip at Rasgovindpur near Amarda Road in Mayurbhanj district. The ministry has conveyed the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Director General Defence Estates for allowing the state government to develop defence land measuring 160.35 acre at Amarda Road on the basis of cash compensation of `26.03 crore.

Setting the terms and conditions for grant of permission, the ministry said a separate board of officers (BOO) will be convened to ascertain exact location, demarcation of land, its cost and modalities of transfer, and security and safety measures, government and private assets and cost of their demolition, relocation or reconstruction before handing over the land to the state government.

Read more : https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2022/nov/23/nod-for-development-of-amarda-road-airstrip-2521248.html

History

True to its tagline- India’s best kept secret, Odisha, is indeed a land that has stowed away many great true tales and stories that are slowly unravelling. These stories are proof that Odisha is a hidden gem of India. One such incident is from Amarda Road, in Mayurbhanj district. It is hardly known to many people that the benevolent skies of Odisha had witnessed the crash of two aircrafts. They had collided against each other and resulted in the deaths of 14 airmen on board. Renowned historian Anil Dhir, conducted an in-depth research of the Amarda Road airstrip and unraveled many facts. My City Links visited the abandoned airstrip and talked to people to know more about the incident and its current state now. Although short, it has a secret illustrious history which has never been made public.

Amarda Road Airstrip

The Amarda Road airstrip has played a vital role in the defence of India during the second World War. It came into existence during the war as a forward airfield against the Japanese conquest of Burma. Known to be the longest runway in Asia, measuring over 3.5 km, this large strip served its purpose well as a landing ground for planes and also as a training space for special bombing missions. The Amarda Road airstrip spreads across an area of nearly 900 acres.

The Five Formation flight- minutes before the crash

“This airstrip was built in the 1940’s at a cost of ₹3 crore and eventually it was abandoned after the war. Owing to the nearby Amarda Road railway station, it was named as the Amarda Road Airfield. Seven decades after the base was made, the remains of the airfield are still intact,” Anil Dhir pointed out.

Now this airstrip is known as the Rasgovindpur Airstrip. Even today it is the biggest air complex of the continent. The total runways, taxiways, aprons, etc were more than 60 kms. “As an airfield, Amarda Road fell on the supply route for the Nationalist Armies of China in their fight against the Japanese. Aircrafts from the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the United States Air Force (USAF) would regularly fly from this space to China across the infamous hump route over Arunachal and East Tibet,” shared Dhir.

A localite in his nineties shared his memory of the airfield. “I was barely 9-10 years old when this place was frequented by many people and we saw huge aircrafts. This was way before India got independence. My family and I were evacuated to a distant village from here. We heard stories about secret missions going on for which no one was allowed there. When the crash happened, there was a lot of hullabaloo. Recently people have come enquiring about the place,” he shared.

The Bomber Pilots at the Amarda Road Airfield

Backstory

During a training exercise on July 26, 1945, two World War II aircrafts- British Royal Air Force B-24 Liberator four-engine bombers EW225 and EW247 collided mid-air at a low altitude of less than 2000 feet. These aircrafts were part of a six-plane contingent from the Air Fighting Training Unit engaged in a formation flying exercise. The collision left 14 airmen dead due to the severity of the collision over the skies of Odisha. The debris fell into paddy fields swollen from the monsoon rains.

Pilot Officer Raymond Maurice Bullen (L) and Flight Officer Peter Ettlinger (R)

Immediately after the crash, search teams were dispatched  to reach the crash site.  “Given the remoteness of the area, the lack of roads and bridges, and the severely limiting monsoon conditions, little could be done with immediate effect back then. Later there was news of some human remains that were reportedly discovered and then buried on site during the initial search efforts, but the evidence of this is vague and does not suffice, ” said Dhir.

Several  weeks  after  the  accident, Squadron Leader Stanley Bennett, the Padre of RAF Amarda Road, made an effort to find the crew. He led a party of twelve men (five RAF members, five or six Indians) on a trek of nearly four days from Amarda Road to the crash site.  By that time weather conditions had improved and the monsoon floods had subsided. “The team succeeded in recovering the bodies and buried them in two graves near the crash site. Since the bodies were not immediately found nor the wreckage located, the families of the dead could not be informed about the crash. They were listed as missing in action (MIA). Few family members came to know about the deaths from unofficial sources, some of them months and years later.

The Airmen buying bananas from a tribal woman at the airbase

The Amarda Road airstrip would have been relegated to deep crevices of history, but unfortunately it has remained just a private affair of a group of people quietly paying tribute and keeping the memory alive.

The deceased

In the Madras War Cemetery in Chennai, there is a set of fourteen graves which were of airmen who had apparently died in a plane crash at Amarda Road. This was discovered by Anil Dhir during his visit there. “There were fourteen individually named headstones arranged side-by-side. But contrary to protocol, the Cemetery Registry had interned them as a Collective Grave. I started a detailed enquiry and also got valuable information and assistance from the Commonwealth War Graves Commission at London. I was then informed by them that back in 1953 the British Army Graves Concentration Unit had exhumed the bodies from their original burial site near Amarda Road and relocated the remains to the newly established Madras War Cemetery,” pointed out Dhir.

The 14 deceased airmen were of different nationalities such as British, American, Dutch, New Zealander, Australian and only one among them was an Indian. Dhir further extended his research to war historians and in the course of six months, he got much more details of the crash. From the United Kingdom Ministry of Defence’s Air Historical Branch, he managed to get more details of the official correspondence along with detailed information on the date and time of the crash and the exact location coordinates. He also made a recce of the area and with the help of an advanced GPS, he could locate the exact site where the aircrafts had fallen.

The Graves of the 14 airmen at the Madras War Cemetery

Most of the relatives of these airmen were very surprised when Dhir contacted them. They had given up hope of knowing anything about the mysterious death/ disappearance of their loved ones. He received heartbreaking letters from them enquiring about more details and information. “One of the deceased airmen, Cyril William Geeson’s brother connected with me and bared his heart out as to how he missed his brother every single day, owing to his mysterious disappearance. He wrote me a personal letter and sent me photographs of his brother (one of the deceased airmen- Flight Sergeant),” he informed.

“Another such response came from Yvonne, the daughter of Peter Ettlinger (one of the deceased airmen- Flight Officer). It was a very emotive surprise when she received my email. Now a retired school teacher aged 77, she was just ten months old when her father was killed in the crash. He had never seen her. She had been researching the crash of her father’s plane for the last 50 years. In fact she had also made three visits to India but could only visit her father’s grave at the Madras War Cemetery as she was unaware of the fact that the Amarda Strip was the actual crash site,” Dhir said.

A memorial was held at the crash spot after the fourteen dead were interred in two graves

The revolution of the internet indeed is a boom in connecting people and becoming an easier and faster mode of communication. The historian has managed to find 10 of the dead.

“Just to trace the relatives of the only Indian, P.V. Mathai, it took me three years. Though very strenuous and time-saving it is satisfying to give the people the closure and the true facts that they deserve,” added the historian.

Memorial 

On July 26, 2011, local school children, Air Commodore Ran Singh, the Air Officer Commanding of Kalaikunda Air Station, activists and Morada MLA Rajkishore Das gathered at the abandoned Amarda Road Airstrip and laid wreaths for each of the dead airmen, and held a memorial service. For the past 10 years now, historian Anil Dhir who is rightly credited for single handedly digging out the details of the incident, has been leading the memorial service.

“From the 26th of July 2011, every year, we hold a memorial service for the fourteen dead  near the abandoned Amarda Road Airstrip. We held the tenth service this year. It is held on the main runway on which locals, including school children, participate and contribute by their presence. Mahatma Gandhi’s all religion prayer along with the Lord’s Prayer is recited along with a few hymns,” shared Dhir.

The annual memorial service held by Anil Dhir along with the locals

Even though the memorial service is purely a private affair conducted by Dhir and his team, it has been widely reported in newspapers and magazines in India and abroad. “Despite repeatedly requesting the governments of Odisha and West Bengal to erect small memorials for these airmen at Amarda Road and the crash site, there had been no response. So, I along with a group of well-wishers, decided to set up  a museum at the spot. Gandhian, Aditya Patnaik, who is the Director of Mahatma Gandhi Eye Hospital & Research Institute adjoining the airstrip, has proposed to give ample space in the Gandhi Gurukul for setting up a small museum which will highlight the importance of the airbase during World War II,” he added.

On hearing of a museum being erected, the relatives of the deceased airmen have donated memorabilia for the museum. Among the items received are a folding camp cot and a chair, photographs, uniforms, etc. “The work for the museum commenced at this year’s memorial service at the airstrip,” informed Dhir.

One of the students attending the memorial service shared his joy on knowing that the place they reside is of historic importance. “I love to read and know more about the history of our country. It is very interesting. Since my father told me about Amarda Road airstrip and its historical importance, I am intrigued to know more and more. I would love to visit the museum once it is completely set up,” shared the excited lad.

The Ground Crew

Government’s intervention

It is disheartening to see that the soil of Amarda Road which holds important bits of history is now all forgotten. No details or information of the activities that happened there between 1943 and 1945 exist, not even in government and military records.

“All the infrastructure- offices, hangars, mechanic sheds and plaster walled barracks with thatched roofs- have been ripped down. The land is barren and is used to dry laundry or the farmers use the warm tarmac to sun their grains. The cattle graze along the runway’s edges,” he said.

Anil Dhir has also requested the government to open up the sealed underground bunker, which may hold relics of the period. “The setting up of a Peace Museum was mooted last year and British, Australian, Dutch and US authorities were contacted for material to be displayed to the museum. The response has been very positive,” said Dhir.

The Crashed Liberators

Morada MLA Rajkishore Das said that the abandoned airbase would soon be made operational under UDAAN scheme for flights or other aviation related ventures. He also promised that all help would be extended for setting up the museum at the base.

Draupadi Murmu

Congratulations to Respected Smt. Draupadi Murmu 🙏 A Dedicated sincere Tribal Women from Mahuldia, Rairangpur Mayurbhanj, Odisha on being announced as the Presidential nominee of #NDA. 2022🤩🥰 Let’s Wish her.🙏🙏🙏🙏 She may become first Women President of India from the state of Odisha ❤️❤️

Once elected, she will be the first tribal President of India & the second ever female President of India

Started as a teacher in Tribal school of Odisha to become president of India.

A journey which can happen only when hardworking people with humble backgrounds are backed by government.

She will be the first person from a tribal community to hold the highest office in our country.

Draupadi Murmu Born in a Santal family in our district.

Amongst the loud noise of social justice , here is our new president nominee #DraupadiMurmu from a tribal community

Her vast experience and extensive knowledge would enrich the office of President.

Big thanks to our Respected PM Shri #narendramodi Ji for taking a momentous . PM #narendramodi ‘s tenures have been golden period for their empowerment.I congratulate her & thank Hon’ble PM & party senior leaders.

In yet another remarkable step towards women empowerment and social justice.

stay tuned for more information …